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Natrum Sulphuricum: Homeopathic Medicine – Its Use, Indications And Dosage

Homeopathic medicine Natrum Sulphuricum is prepared from sodium sulphate. With potentization (process of preparing homeopathic medicines that arouses medicinal properties of a crude substance), sodium sulphate is converted into a highly beneficial homeopathic medicine Natrum Sulphuricum. It is one among the Schuessler’s twelve tissue remedies. It is a magnificent medicine to treat respiratory issues especially cough, asthma; and managing head injury.

 The ‘Natrum Sulphuricum’ Constitution

This medicine is suitable for persons who live in damp houses and basements because of which they suffer medical problems. It also works best to treat complaints arising from exposure to damp and cold weather.

Drug Action

This medicine has the foremost action on the respiratory tract. It acts well on the mind, head, gastric system, liver, limbs, joints and skin.

Clinical Indications

Asthma, cough, depression, head injuries, headache, diarrhea, liver disorders, jaundice, joint complaints, gout, paronychia, warts, nausea, vomiting, colic

Scope As A Homeopathic Remedy

1. Respiratory Problems (Asthma, Cough)

Natrum Sulphuricum manifests its chief action on the respiratory tract. It is of great service in managing cases of cough and asthma. In cases of asthma, it is a principal remedy when asthma gets worse in damp weather. Persons needing it have rattling sound in the chest, cough and expectoration of thick, greenish, ropy mucus in excessive quantity. It also proves effective when asthma attack follows any kind of exertion. For asthma attacks occurring in early morning around 4 or 5 am, this medicine offers great help. Cough occurs with glairy (slimy, viscous and transparent) expectoration. Sometimes, there is pressure like a heavy load on the chest. On coughing, chest feels sore. It is a leading medicine for managing asthma in children. It can be given for cases of difficult breathing. It works well when there is difficulty in breathing while walking which improves with rest. There is a desire to take a deep, long breath.

Natrum Sulphuricum can be used for dry as well as lose cough. For dry cough, it is considered when cough is accompanied with roughness in throat. It gets worse at night. The sufferer has to sit up and hold chest with hands. It is useful in loose cough when there occurs thick, ropy, and green expectoration. It is attended with tickling in the throat. In some cases, pus-like expectoration occurs along with pain around the last ribs especially left-sided.

Key Indicating Features

Asthma worse in damp weather

Asthmatic attacks in early morning around 4 or 5 am

Lose cough with thick, ropy, green expectoration

2. Complaints Of The Mind (Depression)

Nat Sulph works wonderfully to treat depression cases. Those needing it have sadness and irritability. They become ill-humored and do not wish to speak to or be spoken to. They have loss of affection for family. They have aversion to life and tend to have suicidal impulses. It is one of the best medicines to help certain mind-related complaints, especially depression arising after head injury, fall or blow on head.

Key Indicating Feature

Depression with suicidal impulses

3. Head (Head Injury, Headache)

Natrum Sulphuricum has a remarkable action on the head. It is a magnificent medicine to deal with cases of head injury. Many of the after-effects of head injury are well managed with this medicine. Most prominently it is highly suitable to manage headache occurring after head injury. The pain is most marked at the base of the brain and back of neck. Epilepsy (tendency for recurrent fits) after head injury is also indicative of its use. It is also useful for headache that gets worse from noise and light. There is relief in pain of head in dark room. Natrum Sulphuricum is also indicated for managing headache during menses. Females needing it feel pressure along with heat in the top of head during menses. Pulsations are felt in head. Its use can also be done in case of periodical headache that returns at regular intervals. In this case, pain mainly occurs in the right side temple of the head. Burning sensation in stomach pit and bitter taste are felt before headache begins. There occurs vomiting of bile that relieves the headache.

Key Indicating Features

Headache after head injury, pain mainly at base of brain and back of neck

Epilepsy after head injury

Headache worse from noise and light, better in dark room

4. Gastric Issues (Cramps, Diarrhea, Gas)

Action of Natrum Sulphuricum is also noted on gastric system. Firstly, it is useful for managing cramping pain in abdomen in umbilical region. It is attended with gas in abdomen. The cramps and gas in abdomen get worse before breakfast. There is relief in pain from rubbing or lying on the side. There is also distension and heaviness in the  stomach.

Secondly, it can be given for heartburn and, sour vomiting. Next indication to use it is diarrhea. There is loose, watery, yellow stool. It is mixed with green slimy matter. The loose stool mainly occurs in morning, with sudden urge driving the person out of bed. There is rumbling in abdomen followed by noisy spluttering stool with passage of much gas. After passing stool, burning is felt in anus. Anal itching also appears. Diarrhea occurring in wet weather is an important indication guiding its use.

Key Indicating Features

Cramping pain in abdomen in umbilical region along with gas

Diarrhea with loose, watery, yellow stool mixed green slimy matter

Loose stool mainly in morning, with sudden urge driving person out of bed

Diarrhea in wet weather

5. Liver Complaints (Hepatitis, Liver Pain)

It is a highly valuable medicine managing liver problems too. It can be given for hepatitis (inflamed liver) cases with jaundice. It gives immense relief in liver pain. Persons needing it have liver pain worsening on deep breathing, jarring. It is attended with soreness. Pain is usually stitching in nature.

Key Indicating Feature

Liver pain worsening on deep breathing and jarring

6. Limbs (Joint Pain, Sciatica And Paronychia)

This medicine has some of its action on limbs as well. Prominently its action is noted on the joints. It effectively works to manage cases of joint pain. The foremost indication is joint pains occurring in damp, cold weather. There is pain in hip joint. It is worse when sitting down, on stooping and on rising. There also occurs pain in fingers with swelling and stiffness. In some cases, there is knee stiffness along with cracking. Its use is also indicated for gout (inflamed, swollen, painful joints due to high uric acid levels) cases. The feet joints are affected with gout. An important complaint where it is beneficial is sciatica (pain along the sciatic nerve beginning in lower back and radiating down the hip down the back of thighs and legs up to feet). There is worsening of sciatica when turning in bed and when rising from the seat where it is required. Another complaint where it seems to help is hand trembling. It works best when hand trembling occurs on waking or when writing. It also works wonderfully to treat hangnails (a little, jagged, torn piece of skin near root of nail). Paronychia (skin infection around fingernails) cases also recover wonderfully with Natrum Sulph. In such cases, there is water-filled blister with much swelling around along with redness and pain.

Key Indicating Features

Joint pains in damp, cold weather

Sciatica when turning in bed and when rising from seat

Hand trembles on waking or while writing

Paronychia with water-filled blister with swelling around along with redness and pain

7. Skin Complaints (Eczema, Pemphigus, Warts, Jaundice)

With its action on skin, it can successfully handle eczema cases. It is well-indicated for eczema that is moist and ooze watery fluid. It is a significant medicine for pemphigus (a skin disease in which painful blisters form on skin and mucus membrane) treatment. In such cases, it is given when there are blisters with yellow watery fluid. It is a leading medicine for jaundice (yellow discoloration of white of eyes and skin due to increased bilirubin levels) management. Lastly, it is helpful for warts (small growths on skin caused by human papilloma virus) treatment mainly warts on genitals.

Key Indicating Features

Eczema that is moist and ooze watery fluid

Pemphigus with blisters having yellow watery fluid

Warts mainly on genitals

Modalities

Worsening factors: Complaints get worse in damp weather, from dampness in cellars, from head injuries, cold food and drinks, from touch, pressure, from music

Relieving factors: Complaints get better in warm dry air, in open air, lying on back and pressure

Dosage

Though it can be used in different potencies but the most preferred is 6X potency. It can be taken in 6X potency three to four times a day. If using it in high potencies, frequent repetition should be avoided.

Relationship with Other Remedies

Followed well by Belladonna and Thuja

 

 

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Arum Triphyllum: Homeopathic Medicine: Its Use, Indications And Dosage

Arum Triphyllum is a natural homeopathic medicine prepared from plant ‘jack-in-the-pulpit’ also known as Indian turnip. It belongs to family Araceae. When this plant undergoes potentization (a process via which homeopathic medicines are prepared by arousing the medicinal properties of a crude substance), we get a highly valuable homeopathic medicine Arum Triphyllum. It is a very important medicine in homeopathy for managing cases of nasal allergy (hay fever, allergic rhinitis), laryngitis and clergyman’s sore throat.

Drug Action

Arum Triphyllum manifests its primary action on nose and throat. Other than this, its action is noted on skin and mouth.

Clinical Indications

Hay fever, acrid discharges, sneezing, clergyman’s sore throat, laryngitis, aphonia, sore mouth, cracked tongue and scarlatina

Scope As A Homeopathic Remedy

1. Nasal Complaints (Hay Fever, Sneezing, Watery Nasal Discharge, Nose Picking)

The most important of all the actions of this remedy is seen on the nose. It is a very suitable medicine for managing cases of hay fever, also known as allergic rhinitis. It refers to an allergic condition resulting from an allergic response to allergens like dust mites, pollen leading to symptoms like runny nose, sneezing, nasal blockage and red, watery and itchy eyes. For hay fever, it is used when there is watery discharge from the nose which is acrid means irritation causing rawness, soreness and burning in the nostrils and the upper lips. Sometimes discharge from the nose can be blood-streaked too. In some cases, thick yellow mucus flows from the nose. Inspite of nasal discharge, one feels blockage in the nostrils. A person feels the need to breathe through the mouth. Sneezing may occur which gets worse at night. Pain at the root of nose is an attending symptom. The nasal discharge can smell offensive. It is well indicated for cases in which a constant desire of picking at the nose is present until it starts to bleed.

Key Indicating Features

Hay fever with watery discharge from the nose that causes irritation and burning in nostrils and upper lips

Complete stoppage of the nostrils inspite of nasal discharge

Sneezing worse at night time

Constant desire to pick at nose until it starts to bleed

2. Throat Problems (Laryngitis, Clergyman’s Sore Throat, Aphonia)

Arum Triphyllum acts wonderfully on the throat. It proves to be highly effective in treating laryngitis (inflammation of larynx – voice box). There is marked hoarseness of voice. It is one of the best choices of homeopathic medicines for treating ‘clergyman’s sore throat’. It refers to chronic throat inflammation in persons who overstrain their voice frequently like public speakers, singers, etc. In these cases, arum triphyllum  is used when voice is hoarse, uncontrollable and changes continuously, sometimes deep sometimes hollow. Its use is also recommended in cases of loss of voice (aphonia) after exposure to wind. This medicine is helpful in treating sore throat. Persons needing it feel burning and scratching in the throat. Burning also occurs in the root of the tongue along with dryness. Stinging is also felt in the throat. Swallowing is difficult. Sticky mucus may be present in the throat with tickling cough. In throat, ulcers may get formed along with the other symptoms. It can be given in cases where a person feels pain, soreness and burning in the palate. It gets worse from drinking and eating.

Key Indicating Features

Laryngitis with hoarseness of voice

Clergyman’s sore throat hoarse, uncontrollable voice that changes tone continuously, sometimes deep sometimes hollow

Loss of voice (aphonia) after exposure to wind

3. Mouth Complaints (Cracked Mouth Corners, Dry Lips, Sore Mouth, Cracked Tongue)

Arum triphyllum gives marvellous results in cases of sore cracked mouth corners. It can, secondly, be used when the lips are dry, chapped, swollen accompanied with burning pain. A very peculiar indication to use this remedy is picking of the lips until bleeding occurs. This medicine also works well for sore inflamed mouth. In cases needing it, the mouth is sore, raw, with profuse acrid saliva. Marked burning sensation is felt in the mouth. It acts well on the tongue as well. It is well indicated when tongue is cracked with bleeding along with redness and soreness. Burning sensation is felt on the tongue.

Key Indicating Features

Soreness and cracks at the mouth corners

Dry swollen lips with burning

Picking of the lips till they bleed

Red, sore tongue with cracks and bleeding

4. Skin Issues (Scarlatina, Pemphigus)

Arum triphyllum is prominently indicated for treating cases of scarlatina, also known as scarlet fever. It is a bacterial illness that may develop in persons having strep throat.

Scarlet fever

Scarlet fever

In this a bright red rash appears on the skin, attended by fever and sore throat. In such cases, arum triphyllum offers help when rashes occur on the entire body with itching and restlessness. Raw, bloody surface appear everywhere on the body. A person has tendency to pick and bore into raw surfaces. It is painful, and later on peeling of the skin occurs. Dry heat is present in the skin. Other than this, it is also indicated for managing cases of pemphigus (an autoimmune disease in which painful blisters appear which are fluid-filled bumps on skin and mucus membranes.

Pemphigus

Pemphigus

Key Indications

Scarlet rash on whole body with itching and restlessness

Raw, bloody surface on body with tendency to pick and bore though painful

Modalities

Worsening factors: Complaints get worse from cold wind, talking, singing, voice overuse and from lying down.

Dosage

This medicine can be used from low to high potencies. It is a short-acting medicine and its action lasts for about one to two days. It can be repeated frequently in low potencies but in high potencies, its frequent repetition is not advised.

Relationship With Other Remedies

Antidoted by: Acetic Acid, Belladonna, Lactic Acid and Pulsatilla

It can be compared with other medicines including Allium Cepa, Ammonium Carb, Cina, Arsenic Album, Hepar Sulph, Lycopodium, Silicea and Sulphur.

 

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Opium: Homeopathic Medicine – Its Use, Indications And Dosage

This medicine is derived from plant ‘papaver somniferum’ belonging to family Papaveraceae via potentization.  Potentization is a process that extracts and intensifies medicinal properties of a crude substance. This medicine is of great clinical significance in treating cases of constipation, sleeplessness and effects of fear.

The ‘Opium’ Constitution

This medicine is mainly suited to people with relaxed muscles and those who have are been habitual alcohol drinkers for a long time. It is also well-indicated for those in whom well-selected medicines produce no effect.

Drug Action

Action of opium is especially noted on gastric organs mainly rectum. It also acts well on the mind and nerves. It is a very effective medicine for managing sleep issues as well. Other than this, its action is noted on face, limbs, urinary organs and limbs.

Clinical Indications

Constipation, fear effects, sleeplessness, snoring, convulsions, delirium, hernia, drowsiness, colic, painful menses, paralysis, facial twitching, urine complaints

Scope As A Homeopathic Remedy

1. Gastric Problems (Constipation, Diarrhea, Hernia, Vomiting)

Opium has a wide action on the gastric system. It has a prominent action on the rectum to help cases of constipation. There is intense constipation in cases needing it. The stool is passed in the form of hard, round balls which is the characteristic to use this medicine. Intense pain may be felt in the rectum. It can also be given for treating cases of diarrhea especially that follow some fright or sudden joy. The stool is fluid and frothy with anal burning. The stool has a very offensive smell. Stool may pass involuntarily from fright. Opium is a very useful medicine for cases of abdomen pain with passage of hard stool. Abdomen feels hard and bloated. This medicine is of great value for cases of umbilical or inguinal hernia. It can be used for cases of pressure and heaviness in stomach. Lastly, it is indicated for managing nausea and vomiting. The vomiting may be greenish or contains blood.

Key Indicating Features

Constipation with stool passed in form of hard, round balls

Diarrhea following fright or sudden joy

Umbilical or inguinal hernia

2. Sleep Issues (Sleeplessness, Drowsiness, Snoring)

Opium proves to be a very effective medicine to deal with certain sleep issues. It is a very suitable medicine for managing sleeplessness. Persons needing this medicine have acute hearing and noises coming from far away keep them awake. They are sleepy but cannot sleep. There is excessive restlessness with tossing in bed. On the other side, it can be given when a person has excessive drowsiness and goes into deep sleep. Its use is also recommended to manage jerking, and muscle twitchings happening during sleep. Lastly, it proves very beneficial for cases of snoring.

Key Indicating Features

Sleeplessness with acute hearing and noises coming from far away keeping the person awake

Jerking, twitching during sleep

Excessive drowsiness with deep sleep

Snoring

3. Mind Complaints (Fright, Delirium, Convulsions)

It is a highly suitable medicine for complaints that occur from fright, excessive joy or anger. It is further well indicated for dullness of mind where brain works slowly. A person lacks mental grasp and is unable to comprehend whatever he is reading. The role of opium in managing delirium is also very important. Delirium is sudden change in brain resulting in confusion, unclear speech, clouded thinking, difficulty in paying attention, distraction and disorientation. In delirium, it works well when there is muttering (speaking in a low voice) with red, puffed, swollen face, wide open eyes and excessive physical activity. This medicine is prominently indicated for convulsions (fits) which get worse from fright, anger, insult and for convulsions in sleep.

Key Indicating Features

Complaints from fright, excessive joy or anger

Delirium with muttering, red, puffed, swollen face, wide open eyes and excessive physical activity

Convulsions (fits) worse from fright, anger, insult and in sleep

4. Limbs (Trembling, Weakness, Paralysis, Twitching, Jerking)

With its action on limbs, opium offers help to manage trembling of limbs especially due to fright. It is well indicated for managing numbness in hands and legs. It is also valuable for management of weakness and paralysis of legs. Its use is lastly considered for cases of jerking and twitching (spontaneous muscle contraction) of limbs.

Key Indicating Features

Limbs tremble following fright

Weakness and paralysis of legs

Jerking and twitching (spontaneous muscle contraction) of limbs

5. Face (Twitching, Cramps)

If we talk of facial concerns, opium is an important medicine for muscle twitching on the face mostly at the corners of mouth. In general, the face is red, flushed and swollen. It is effective in managing cramping in the lower jaw. Lastly, it is of service in case of swollen, distended veins on face.

Key Indicating Features

Facial twitching mainly at the corners of mouth

Cramps in lower jaw

6. Urinary Problems (Retention Of Urine, Kidney Pain)

Opium also cures urinary problems. The main complaint where it serves the best purpose is retention of urine or involuntary urine after fright. It is also indicated for retention of urine in females after childbirth. It can be used in cases of kidney pain when pain radiates from the kidneys to the bladder, and in males to testicles. Last indication for its use is weak stream of urine and slow initiation of urine.

Key Indicating Features

Retention of urine after fright or after childbirth

Involuntary urine after fright

Pain radiating from kidneys to bladder, and testicles in males

7. Female Problems (Suppressed Periods, Painful Menses, Suppressed Lochia)

Women may find this medicine highly useful for managing certain problems. The foremost indication for its use is the suppression of menses due to fright. Another concern that it can treat well is of painful menses. It is suited when pain during menses forces the patient to bend double along with urge to pass stool. Lastly, its use can be considered when lochia (vaginal discharge that occur after childbirth and last for about four to eight weeks) is suppressed from fright.

Key Indicating Features

Suppressed menses from fright

Painful menses with bending double and urge for stool

Suppression of lochia after fright

Modalities

Worsening factors: Complaints are worse from fear, joy, heat, alcohol intake, odors and suppressed discharges

Relieving factors: Complaints get better from cold and from constant walking

Dosage

It can be used from 30 C to 200 C potency. Its action lasts for about 7 days. In low potency, one may repeat it often but in high potency, frequent repetition is not advised.

Relationship With Other Remedies

Antidoted by: Camphor, Belladonna, Ipecac and Nux vomica

Followed well by: Aconite, Antimonium Tart, Belladonna, Bryonia, Hyoscyamus, Nux Vomica, Nux Moschata and Sambucus

 

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Top 10 Homeopathic Remedies for Prostatitis

Prostatitis refers to the inflammation of the prostate gland (this gland is located beneath the bladder that encircles the top part of the urethra which is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body). When the tissue in and around the prostate gland becomes swollen, irritable, and tender, it indicates prostatitis.  Pain in the genitals, pelvic area, perineum, groin, painful urination, and painful ejaculation are the prominent symptoms of this condition. Prostatitis is of various types mainly, bacterial and non-bacterial.

Homeopathy is a highly advanced healing system that offers a magnificent treatment for prostatitis. The homeopathic remedies for prostatitis are made of natural substances and are completely safe, with zero side effects. Homeopathic medicines for prostatitis aim to provide easy relief in its symptoms followed by rooting out the chronic problem. Homeopathic treatment can greatly help in managing acute prostatitis and can also provide a cure for chronic prostatitis. However, in acute cases, conventional treatment may be required when symptoms are severe. Here homeopathic medicines can be used along with that treatment for symptom management.

As prostatitis may arise from different reasons including infectious as well as non-infectious, so homeopathy works to treat the underlying basic cause for long-term relief and cure. It boosts the body’s self-healing mechanism to fight back the cause to help in a natural cure.

The foremost principle of homeopathy is to treat any health issue including prostatitis following an individualised approach. As per this law, the homeopathic medicines are prescribed based on the characteristic key symptoms in every individual case and not just merely on the basis of diagnosis. Excellent results occur only when medicines are prescribed as per this law. Hence, it is advised to consult a homeopathic practitioner for proper evaluation of every case individually to find the most suitable medicine prescription.

Homeopathy goes beyond just providing symptomatic relief as it further works at a deeper level at the root cause to gradually decrease the frequency and intensity of recurrent episodes of prostatitis and to give long-term relief in chronic cases. Homeopathic treatment can help in reducing dependency on conventional medicines, like the frequent course of antibiotics in chronic prostatitis. Regular use of homeopathic medicines as per guidelines and till the recommended period as suggested by a homeopath can bring a cure in majority of the cases.

Homeopathic Remedies for Prostatitis

Homeopathic Remedies for Prostatitis

Top 10 Natural Homeopathic Remedies for Prostatitis

Some of the most frequently recommended medicines for prostatitis are – Apis Mellifica, Clematis, Cantharis, Pulsatilla, Conium, Sabal Serrulata, Chimaphila, Thuja, Lycopodium and Nitric Acid.

1. Apis Mellifica – Top-Most Medicine For Prostatitis

Apis Mellifica is a top homeopathic medicine for acute prostatitis. It is suitable for patients of prostatitis who have burning / stinging type of pain while urinating. The burning is most intense specifically while passing the last drops of urine. With this, there is a frequent desire to pass urine not only during the daytime but also at night. There is difficulty in retaining urine even for a few seconds. The urine passed is usually scanty.

When to use Apis Mellifica?

Apis Mellifica is very beneficial for providing relief from burning and stinging sensation while urinating, especially when passing the last few drops of urine.

How to use Apis Mellifica?

It can be used in low 30C potency. It can only be repeated twice a day when given in low power. It is also used in 200C but in order to do so one should carefully look for the symptoms.

2. Clematis – To Manage Genital Pain In Prostatitis

Clematis is of great help in managing genital pain in prostatitis cases. It can be used when there is testicle pain. It is worse from touch and walking. The nature of pain can be drawing, pinching type. Pain occurs in the scrotum and groin as well. It is also useful to relieve burning pain in the penis occurring during ejaculation.

When to use Clematis?

This medicine can be considered to relieve pain in the testicle, scrotum, and the groin area. Usually, pain in the testicles gets worse from touching and walking.

How to use Clematis?

Though it can be used in various potencies, the most commonly used is its 30C potency. Clematis 30C can be taken two to three times a day for good relief.

3. Cantharis – For Pain / Burning Before, During And After Urination

Cantharis is of great help in treating cases of prostatitis where the urine is passed with pain or a burning sensation. The –pain/burning is felt before, during and even after passing urine. The desire to pass urine is almost constant. At times urine may pass drop by drop.

When to use Cantharis?

The most striking feature for using this medicine is pain or burning sensation before, during and after urination along with a constant desire to pass urine.

How to use Cantharis?

Cantharis is best suited in 30C potency. It can be repeated 2 times a day in 30C potency.

4. Pulsatilla – To Manage Pelvic Pain And Perineum Pain

This medicine works well in cases of prostatitis with pelvic pain and perineum pain. Males needing it mainly have pain in the perineum after urinating. This pain extends to the entire lower pelvic region and also down the thighs. Excessive heat and pressure are felt in the perineum. Along with this, there is a frequent, ineffectual urge to pass urine.

When to use Pulsatilla?

The use of Pulsatilla is suggested to help pelvic pain and perineum pain, especially after urination in prostatitis cases.

How to use Pulsatilla?

Pulsatilla 30C once in the morning and once in the evening can be taken to relieve this complaint.

5. Conium – To Manage Painful Ejaculation

Conium is a highly effective medicine to manage painful ejaculation in prostatitis cases. It is also useful when there is difficulty in starting urine flow. Cutting or burning pain is felt after passing urine. Besides, Conium can be given for managing weak erections in prostatitis cases.

When to use Conium?

This medicine should be opted to manage painful ejaculation in cases of prostatitis. It is also recommended for weak erections in prostatitis cases.

How to use Conium?

Its use is usually recommended in 30C potency that can be administered twice a day.

6. Sabal Serrulata – For Frequent Urine At Night

Sabal Serrulata is one of the very popular homeopathic remedies for prostatic troubles including inflamed prostate and enlarged prostate. Sabal Serrulata is the best homeopathic medicine for dealing with the problem of frequent urination at night in patients with prostatitis. The urge to pass urine can be constant. Difficulty or burning while passing urine is also noted in such patients.

When to use Sabal Serrulata?

It is a key remedy prescribed for prostatitis with frequent urination at night that may be attended with a burning sensation.

How to use Sabal Serrulata?

Unless otherwise prescribed, it is to be taken in mother tincture (Q) form once or twice a day.

7. Chimaphila – When There Is Difficulty Starting Urine

Chimaphila is an effective medicine for persons who have difficulty in the beginning while urinating. Passing urine requires straining. A peculiar position of standing with feet wide apart and stooping in forward direction may help to pass urine with much straining. Burning during passing urine may be noticed. The urine may contain ropy mucus.

When to use Chimaphila?

Chimaphila is suitable for prostatitis when too much straining to initiate urine is required.

How to use Chimaphila?

It is mostly administered in mother tincture (Q) form. It can be taken 2-3 times a day. Once the symptoms improve, frequent repetition of doses is not required. If there is no improvement, then it is best to seek professional guidance.

8. Thuja – For Frequent And Urgent Urination

Thuja is an appropriate natural remedy for patients of prostatitis who have frequent urination and who are unable to control urine with a sudden desire to empty the bladder quickly. The patient has to hasten and rush to pass urine. The urine may also be passed involuntarily at night. The patient needing Thuja may have a history of gonorrhea and syphilis. Foamy-cloudy urine or mucus in urine may be present in high levels.

When to use Thuja?

It is a remedy that is used in cases of prostatitis having complaints of increased frequency of urination and sudden desire to urinate, that cannot be controlled.

How to use Thuja?

Both the lower and the highest potencies of this medicine are credited with excellent results. But as it is a deep-acting remedy hence lower potency, 30C is usually preferred once or twice a day. Otherwise, 200 C or even higher potencies, have proved efficacious but not in too frequent doses.

9. Lycopodium – For Frequent, Difficult Urination With Backache

Lycopodium is very beneficial when frequent and difficult urination is accompanied by backache. The backache may be relieved after passing urine. Much straining is needed to begin to urinate. Here the increased frequency of urination may be felt mostly during night hours.

When to use Lycopodium?

It is best to take Lycopodium in prostatitis where there is increased frequency of urine, especially during the night along with backache.

How to use Lycopodium?

It can be taken one or two times a day in 30 C potency.

10. Nitric Acid – For Burning And Offensive Urine In Prostatitis

Nitric Acid proves to be the best cure for prostatitis, where the urine emits a highly offensive odor along with burning in urethra during its passage. The urine passed is scanty with a strong and highly offensive smell. The urge to empty the bladder is frequent but urine is scanty in quantity. The stream of urine is also thin. Pus discharge from the urethra may be noted in a few patients requiring this medicine.

When to use Nitric acid?

This remedy is best suited to patients who complain of burning pain when passing urine and the urine has a very foul smell.

How to use Nitric acid?

Mostly, it works well in low potency i.e. 30C. Usually, the repetition of dosage is limited to once a day. Higher potencies are not recommended until discussed with a physician.

Note One may use the above medicine for a week or two in the recommended dose and potency. If no changes are seen, it is advised to consult a homeopathic doctor for further course of action. The above medicines are indicated only when symptoms are mild to moderate. In case of severe symptoms and when there is fever with painful urine, inability to urinate, urine retention, blood in urine, and intense pain in the genitals or pelvic region, one should immediately take help from the conventional mode of treatment as homeopathy has limitations in treating such acute cases.

Cause Behind Prostatitis 

The reasons for prostatitis could be two-fold: bacterial infection or non-bacterial origin

1. Bacterial infection– An infection from the urinary tract (UTI) might enter the prostate and result in inflammation. In some cases, sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea and chlamydia may result in prostatitis.

2. Non-bacterial reasons–This kind of prostatitis does not result from any bacterial infection. It may happen from some injury, stress, or nerve irritation.

Risk Factors For Prostatitis

There are some factors that increase the risk of prostatitis as follows:

1. A recent UTI or sexually transmitted infection

2. Use of urinary catheter (a tube used to drain urine from bladder)

3. Pelvic injury

4. History of prostatitis

5. Enlarged prostate

6. Having a prostate biopsy

7. Pelvic floor muscle spasms

8. Young and middle-aged males are at risk, but in case of chronic prostatitis, males between 50-60 yrs are at risk.

Types Of Prostatitis

1. Acute bacterial prostatitis: It occurs from bacterial infection where symptoms come on quickly and are severe.

2. Chronic bacterial prostatitis:  It also results from bacterial infection but here symptoms appear gradually, remain for a long time and are less severe. Sometimes the symptoms are recurrent. It is more common in elderly males.

3. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (chronic prostatitis): The most common type, in which inflammation of the prostate gland does not arise from any infection. It causes symptoms like long-term pelvic pain, and pain in genitals and perineum for several weeks and months.

4. Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis (Non-bacterial prostatitis): In this type the prostate is inflamed but no symptoms are present.

Symptoms of Prostatitis

The symptoms vary according to the type. The symptoms of prostatitis include painful urination or burning sensation while passing urine, pain in genitalia (penis, testicles, scrotum), lower abdomen, pelvic region, groin or perineum (area between scrotum and rectum) and pain may spread to the back, frequent urination that gets worse in the night hours and an urgent desire to pass urine. Its other symptoms may include difficulty in initiating urination, weak urine flow, difficulty in emptying the bladder, and painful ejaculation. Fever, chills, and body aches occur in cases of acute bacterial prostatitis. The urine may be cloudy or have blood in it. Urine may be foul-smelling at times.

How to diagnose Prostatitis?

As the symptoms occurring in prostatitis may happen from various other urinary conditions like UTI (urinary tract infection), BPH (Benign prostate hypertrophy), etc so some tests are usually required to diagnose prostatitis. After checking the symptoms the doctor may suggest some tests to diagnose prostatitis. Among these, the most helpful test is ultrasound of the prostate gland which helps to reveal inflammation of the prostate gland if present. Other suggested tests are urine examination (urine routine and urine culture test) for checking for an infection and bacterial growth in urine and a blood test called PSA (prostate-specific antigen) that is raised in cases of enlarged prostate, prostatitis and prostate cancer.

Complications Of Prostatitis

The complications include urine retention, the spread of infection to blood (sepsis), an abscess (pus-filled lump) formation in the prostate, epididymitis, and the spread of infection to the pelvic bone and lower spine.  In the case of chronic pelvic pain syndrome, erectile dysfunction (inability to achieve or maintain an erection) may be caused.

 

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Chelidonium Majus: Homeopathic Medicine – Its Use, Indications And Dosage

Homeopathic medicine Chelidonium Majus is prepared from the plant ‘greater celandine’. It belongs to family Papaveraceae. For preparing this medicine, the entire fresh plant greater celandine is potentised at the time of flowering as per homeopathic formula that arouses its medicinal properties. After this process, we get a very important homeopathic medicine Chelidonium Majus. It is a renowned homeopathic medicine to treat various liver complaints.

 The ‘Chelidonium Majus’ Constitution

This medicine is well suited to people predisposed to or suffering from liver problems.

Drug Action

It is predominantly a liver remedy. It acts magnificently on liver. Other than this, its action is noted on gastric system, neck, back, joint, face and head.

Clinical Indications

Liver disorders, liver pain, fatty liver, liver enlargement, jaundice, gallstones, gall bladder pains, colic, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, joint pains, headache, neck stiffness,

Scope As A Homeopathic Remedy

1. Liver And Gall Bladder Complaints (Liver Pain, Liver Enlargement, Fatty Liver, Hepatitis, Jaundice, Gall Bladder Pain And Gall Bladder Stones)

Chelidonium tops the list of homeopathic medicines for managing liver and gall bladder complaints. It is extensively used to treat numerous liver complaints including liver pain, enlarged liver, fatty liver, hepatitis and jaundice. With its action on gall bladder, it is beneficial for managing gall bladder stones and gall bladder pain. This medicine is well-indicated for shooting, stitching, pressive, dull or throbbing pain in the liver. The pain from liver radiates to the back and shoulder. Liver pain may get better from eating. A characteristic feature is liver complaints attended with sharp pain under the lower and inner angle of right scapula (scapula is a triangle-shaped bone in the upper back, one on the either side). In liver complaints, pressure, fullness and tension is also felt around the liver. It is a top-listed medicine for enlarged liver when liver is painful and sensitive to pressure. For fatty liver, Chelidonium Majus is considered when it is accompanied by jaundice. It is a leading medicine for managing jaundice (yellow discoloration of skin and white of eye from increased bilirubin levels) cases. The juice of plant Chelidonium is yellow-like bile which has been highly recommended since ages for managing cases of jaundice. In cases needing it, there is yellow discoloration of face, hands and white of eyes. The stool is dark and urine is offensive. There is sleepiness and low energy levels in daytime. Besides, this medicine is highly recommended to manage gall bladder pain and to dissolve gallstones.

Key Indicating Features

Shooting, stitching, pressive, dull or throbbing pain in liver

Liver complaints with sharp pain under the lower and inner angle of right scapula

Fatty liver with jaundice

Jaundice with yellowness of face, hands and white of eyes and sleepiness, low energy levels

Gall bladder pain and gall stones

2. Gastric Problems (Pain, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Constipation)

This medicine is very useful to manage various gastric concerns. It is effective for managing stomach pain especially when it gets better by eating. The nature of pain is aching, gnawing, scraping type. A sense of constriction in stomach attends pain. The pain worsens by applying external pressure on the stomach. Pain may radiate to back and right shoulder blade. It offers help in treating cases of nausea and vomiting, headache may also be present. Vomiting is acidic or of green mucus. A unique feature is relief in nausea and vomiting by drinking very hot water. This medicine can be given for managing pain around the navel region. Pressure is felt over the navel. Chelidonium also gives good results in cases of loss of appetite. It helps to boost the appetite of a person. It is recommended when a person has loss of appetite attended with nausea and weight loss. Those needing it have desire for very hot food and hot drinks in general. Another prominent indication for its use is chronic diarrhea (loose stool) in case of liver complaints. The stool is brown, watery, may have green mucus in it or can be thin, bright yellow. It can be given in constipation cases as well. There is hard difficult stool, or stool like dry clay or sheep’s dung. Constipation and diarrhea may alternate in cases requiring it.

Key Indicating Features

Stomach pain worsens from pressure which gets better by eating

Pain in stomach radiates to the back and right shoulder blade

Nausea and vomiting get better by drinking very hot water

Long-standing diarrhea in case of liver problems

3. Neck And Back (Pain, Stiffness)

Chelidonium acts well on the neck and back. It can handle well cases of neck pain and stiffness. Neck muscles feel tense. The neck feels stiff on movement, crackling noises from vertebrae in neck are heard when neck is moved. Another complaint for which it is frequently used is pain under inner and lower angle of right scapula. In case of pain under right scapula which gets worse from moving right arm and inhaling air, Chelidonium is highly recommended. Pain and stiffness in the spine between the shoulders is also well treated with it. Last indication for its use is drawing, stitching pain in the muscles of the back along with stiffness. Burning sensation in the back may also be felt.

Key Indicating Features

Painful, stiff and tense neck

Pain under the inner and lower angle of right scapula

Pain and stiffness in spine between shoulders

Drawing, stitching pain in muscles of back along with stiffness

4. Joints (Joint Pain)

This medicine acts wonderfully on joints to manage joint pain. It can manage shoulder pain well. It is recommended for right-sided shoulder pain. The pain from the shoulder may radiate down to the wrist. Chelidonium is an excellent medicine for hip pain as well. The guiding feature for its use is right hip pain worse when rising from the seat. Pain can be drawing or shooting in nature. It acts well in managing knee pain too. Here it is prescribed when there is knee pain on right side along with stiffness and burning sensation. It gets worse from movement. Besides these, it is a valuable medicine for cases of right-sided ankle pain which gets worse with movement. The ankle is also stiff with pain.

Key Indicating Features

Right-sided shoulder pain that may radiate down to the wrist

Right hip pain worse when rising from seat

Right knee pain with stiffness and burning sensation, worse from moving

Right-sided ankle pain and stiffness worse when moving

5. Face (Pain, Pimples, Herpes)

With its action on face, it can successfully handle cases of facial pain, herpes on face, pimples, etc. In facial pain, this medicine is given when pain starts over the right eye radiating to eye and cheek. It can also be used when pain begins from the left eye and goes to cheeks, teeth and forehead. It occurs periodically in the evening in bed. Along with facial pain, there is eye pain, sensation of sand and tears in the eyes. It is effective for treating herpes (skin rash caused by varicella zoster virus) on the face, especially on chin. Itching is marked in herpes. Lastly, it works wonders in cases of pimples on the face mainly on chin and cheek.

Key Indicating Features

Pain starting over the right eye radiating to eye and cheek

Pain begins from the left eye and goes to cheeks, teeth, forehead

Facial pain with eye pain, sensation of sand in eyes and flow of tears

Herpes on face especially on chin

6. Head (Headache)

Chelidonium gives excellent results in treating headache. Its use is mainly preferred in right-sided headache. Along with headache, there occurs nausea and vomiting. Head feels heavy along with weakness and drowsiness. Headache gets worse by coughing, stooping and in open air. Persons needing it feel relief in headache after eating.

Key Indicating Features

Headache with nausea and vomiting

Headache worsens from coughing, stooping and in open air

Headache gets better after eating

Modalities

Worsening factors: Complaints get worse from motion, in early morning, from change of weather, touch and on right side

Relieving factors: Complaints get better from hot food, milk, from eating, lying on abdomen, pressure and from hot bath

Dosage

This medicine can be used in the form of mother tincture, low potencies and high potencies as well. Among these, the most preferred is the mother tincture form that has shown great clinical improvements in various health conditions.

Relationship With Other Remedies

Antidoted by: Aconite, Chamomilla and Camphor

It antidotes Bryonia

Followed well by: Aconite, Arsenic Album, Bryonia, Ipecac, Lycopodium, Nux Vomica and Sulphur

It can be compared with remedies Arsenic Album, Belladonna, Bryonia, China, Lycopodium, Nux Vomica, Phosphorus, Podophyllum, Sepia and Sulphur

 

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Pareira Brava: Homeopathic Medicine – Its Use, Indications And Dosage

Homeopathic medicine Pareira Brava is derived from the plant ‘velvet leaf’ and ‘virgin vine’. This plant is a native of the West Indies, Central America and India. It belongs to family Menispermaceae. The fresh root of this plant undergoes potentization process that extracts its medicinal properties and converts it into homeopathic medicine Pareira Brava of great clinical significance. Its use is highly recommended to manage urinary problems mainly painful, difficult urination, and also cases of prostate enlargement.

The ‘Pareira Brava’ Constitution

This medicine is highly suitable to persons prone to suffer from urinary issues like difficult painful urination, kidney stones and urethra inflammation. It is also well suited to males suffering from prostate enlargement.

Drug Action

The sphere of action of this medicine is not very widespread and is limited to urinary organs and male genitals. Then foremost and broad action is noted on urinary organs. Though it acts on male genitals as well, it does not have very vast action as that on urinary organs. In general, its action is mainly noted on the left side of the body.

Clinical Indications

Dysuria (painful difficult urination), urethritis, kidney disorders, kidney stones, kidney pain, prostate enlargement, gonorrhea

Scope As A Homeopathic Remedy

1. Urinary Issues (Dysuria – Painful Difficult Urination, Urethritis, Kidney Pain, Kidney Stones)

Pareira Brava acts extensively on urinary organs to settle down numerous complaints. The most characteristic feature to use it is dysuria means difficult and painful urination, and passage of urine with excessive straining. Persons needing it have to strain a lot in order to pass urine. In the worst condition, urine passes by going down on the hand and knee position and pressing the head strongly on the floor to pass urine. There is extreme pain while passing urine that extorts screaming. Violent pain goes down the thighs sometimes even to the feet during urination in cases that require it. Males have pain in the glans penis while urinating. Urine may pass in drops or in interrupted stream. During urination, itching and burning sensation also occurs in the urethra. After urination, shooting pain in the urethral orifice is experienced. Dribbling occurs after urination. A sense of distension in the urinary bladder is also present. There is a constant urge to pass urine. Urine may possess thick, sticky white mucus or in some of the cases red sandy particles.

This medicine gives excellent results in urethritis cases. Urethritis refers to inflammation of the urethra. For urethritis, it is indicated when there is severe pain while passing urine as well as mucus discharge from the urethra. It is a highly recommended medicine for women who have complaint of painful, difficult urination after giving birth to a child.

Pareira Brava acts wonderfully on the kidneys. Here, it is an important medicine to manage kidney pain. It is mainly used when there is bruised or contusive sort of pain in the kidney area. Urine is scanty and red. In some cases, there is pain in the kidneys that shoots down the ureter of left side and urine passes drop by drop. Besides, nausea and vomiting may occur. Pareira is among the top listed medicines for treating kidney stones. In such cases, it is used when there is dull pain in the kidney region, painful urination and urine is scanty. Urine has brick dust sediments in it. Among various types of kidney stones, it is the most helpful specifically in uric acid stones.

Key Indicating Features

Difficult and painful urination with excessive straining

Passage of urine with great straining by going in hand and knee position and pressing head strongly on floor

Violent pain going down the thighs/feet during urination

Painful, difficult urination in females since childbirth

Kidney pain shooting down the left ureter with urine in drops and nausea, vomiting

Kidney stone with dull pain in the kidney region and painful, scanty urine

Uric acid kidney stones

2. Male Problems (Enlarged Prostate, Urethritis And Gonorrhea)

Males may find this medicine quite effective to manage certain problems. These include prostate-related complaints, urethritis and gonorrhea. This medicine works magnificently in cases of prostate enlargement. It is very suitable when enlarged prostate gland is attended with painful, difficult urination. Clinically it is also known to manage cases of prostate enlargement attended with retention of urine. In such cases, great straining is required to urinate and pain goes down the thighs while urinating. Pareira is an effective medicine for urethritis treatment as well. Here it is beneficial when there is painful urination and discharge of mucus from the urethra. It also works well when urethritis complaint occurs in cases of prostate disorders. Lastly, its use can be considered in gonorrhea cases in males. Gonorrhea is a STI (sexually transmitted infection) caused by bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Key Indicating Features

Prostate enlargement with painful, difficult urination and retention of urine

Great straining to urinate in enlarged prostate cases with pain going down the thighs when urinating

Urethritis with painful urination and discharge of mucus from  the urethra

Dosage

Its use can be done in low and high potencies. It can also be used in the form of mother tincture. The potency of this medicine is selected as per individual case presentation. Its repetition also varies from case to case. In general, low potencies can be repeated often but high potencies should not be taken frequently.

Relationship With Other Remedies

This medicine can be compared with other remedies including Chimaphila (in prostate issues), Uva Ursi, Hydrangea, Berberis Vulgaris, Cocculus Indicus, Fabiana, Ocimum Canum and Hedeoma

In case of prostate complaints, it is compared with homeopathic medicine Sabal Serrulata.

 

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Homeopathic Medicine: Kreosotum – Its Use, Indications And Dosage

This homeopathic remedy is derived from ‘beech wood kreosote’ (a product of distillation of wood tar). When this product undergoes potentization (process by which homeopathic medicines are prepared by arousing latent medicinal properties from a crude substance), we get a highly valuable homeopathic medicine Kreosotum. It is a wonderful homeopathic medicine primarily used for treating various female disorders and urinary complaints.

The ‘Kreosotum’ Constitution

Kreosotum is a suitable medicine for thin persons and persons disposed to being sad and irritable. It is suited to children who are poorly developed and suffer from malnutrition.

Drug Action

The most prominent action of this medicine is on the female genitals, urinary organs and teeth. Rest of its action is noted on ears, gastric system and skin. It has a marvelous tendency to check burning, excoriating and offensive smelling discharges. Its action in controlling hemorrhages (bleeding) is also highly noteworthy.

Clinical Indications

Leucorrhoea (vaginal discharges), vaginal itching, vaginitis, metrorrhagia (intermenstrual bleeding), PMS (premenstrual syndrome), dyspareunia (painful intercourse), warts, bedwetting, involuntary urination, hemorrhages, putrid odor, toothache, tooth decay, painful dentition, ear disorders, ulcers, colic, stomach disorders, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting, cancer, eruptions

Scope As A Homeopathic Remedy

1. Female Problems (Vaginal Discharges, Vaginal Itching, Intermenstrual Bleeding, Pms, Painful Intercourse, Warts)  

This medicine has widespread action on female genitals and is well-indicated for treating numerous female problems. First of all, its use is highly recommended for managing vaginal discharge medically known as leucorrhoea. This medicine is selected for these cases when the vaginal discharge is yellow, that causes intense itching and burning in vagina and has a very offensive smell. It is worse between periods. Standing and walking also make it worse. It is better when sitting. Excessive weakness occurs with vaginal discharge. Its use is also considered for vaginal discharges consisting of bloody watery matter. It gives excellent result in vaginitis (inflammation of vagina) cases. Second prominent indication guiding its use is vaginal itching. There is excessive itching in vagina, after scratching soreness and burning is felt. Soreness in vagina is marked when urinating. There is swelling and heat in external genitals. Thirdly, Kreosotum can be given for cases of intermittent flow of menstrual bleeding. Females needing this medicine complain that the bleeding during periods is not continuous and it tends to come and go. It disappears while sitting and walking and occurs on lying down. The bleeding is excessive and lumpy type. Kreosotum is also recommended when menses comes early, is heavy and extend for a long time. Its use is suggested for metrorrhagia means inter-menstrual bleeding too. In such cases, the blood is dark, occurs in large clots with offensive smell. It works well in cases of PMS (premenstrual syndrome). In PMS, it is used when there is headache, irritability of mind, nausea and swelling in the body. This medicine is also known to be effective for cases of dyspareunia (painful intercourse). Females needing it complain of excessive pain and also burning sensation during sex . Kreosotum also manages well complaints of bleeding after intercourse. This medicine is also suitable for cases of warts on cervix.  Headache before and during menses is yet another important feature. It is also known to play an important role in managing cases of cancer of uterus, vagina or cervix.

Key Indicating Features

Vaginal discharges that are yellow, acrid, offensive smelling and cause intense itching and burning in vagina

Vaginal itching with soreness and burning after scratching

Intermenstrual bleeding with dark offensive bleeding occurring in large clots

PMS with headache, irritability of mind, nausea and swelling in body

Pain and burning during intercourse

Headache before and during menses

2. Urinary Issues (Bedwetting, Urgent Urination, Offensive Urine)

This medicine also has prominent action on urinary organs. It is one of the main homeopathic medicines for managing bedwetting cases. Here guiding feature is involuntary urination in first part of the night. Another important complaint where it proves to be effective is urgency to pass urine. A person has to rush to pass urine when urge occurs. The frequency to urinate increases during day. Urine is profuse. It can also be given for involuntary urination on coughing. Urine is very offensive where this medicine is required. Urine may be brown and deposit white or reddish sediment.

Key Indicating Features

Bedwetting in first part of night

Offensive urine

3. Mouth And Teeth (Putrid Odor, Toothache, Tooth Decay, Painful Dentition)

It acts wonderfully on mouth and teeth to deal with various complaints effectively. It is mainly useful for managing putrid odor from mouth. The taste in mouth may be bitter. It is also helpful for spongy, soft, bluish red, bleeding, inflamed or ulcerated gums along with pus in them. For teeth, its use is considered for decayed teeth. The teeth are dark and crumbling. There may be blackish spots on the teeth. It is given when teeth decay as soon as they appear with spongy and bleeding gums. It proves very successful in controlling oozing of dark blood, slightly clotted after tooth extraction. It is effective for toothache in case of decayed teeth. The pain from the teeth extends to the side of head and inner ear. It also plays an important role in painful dentition in children. The child is restless, is sleepless at night with screaming and wants to be in motion all the time.

Key Indicating Features

Putrid odor from mouth

Soft, spongy, bluish-red, bleeding, inflamed or ulcerated gums along with pus

Decayed teeth with dark and crumbling teeth or blackish spots on the teeth

Quick decay of teeth as soon as they appear

Persistent oozing of dark blood, slightly clotted after tooth extraction

4. Ears (Noises In Ears, Itching And Swelling)

It acts well on the ears. Here it can be used for managing tinnitus with buzzing noises in ears and hardness of hearing. A characteristic feature to use it is buzzing, roaring or humming noises with difficulty in hearing before and during menses. It is applicable to manage itching in ears. Another valuable indication is swelling and inflammation of ears accompanied with burning and tensive pain.

Key Indicating Features

Buzzing, roaring or humming noises and difficult hearing before and during menses

5. Gastric Complaints (Ulcers, Nausea, Vomiting, Pain, Diarrhea And Constipation)

This medicine is well-indicated to deal with certain gastric complaints quite effectively. These mainly include burning in stomach, ulcers, nausea, vomiting, abdomen pain, diarrhea and constipation. It is effective for stomach burning which is temporarily better from eating. It can be of great help for stomach ulcers. There is gnawing, ulcerative pain in stomach. It is helpful for vomiting of food occurring many hours after eating. It can be given for managing cases of hematemesis (vomiting having blood) too. It is the best choice of medicine for nausea and vomiting occurring specifically before menses. Another indication for its use is contractive or shooting pain in abdomen. There may occur griping pain around the umbilicus, particularly before menses. Burning pain in intestine can be there. It works effectively to manage diarrhea during menses. It can help constipation cases as well when stool is difficult with burning and cramping rectal pain during stool. Lastly, its use is also indicated for management of stomach cancer.

Key Indicating Features

stomach burning which is temporarily better from eating

Nausea and vomiting before menses

Diarrhea during menses

6. Skin Problems (Itching, Eczema, Urticaria, Bleeding)

By acting on skin, it can settle various complaints. To begin with, it works very well to manage violent skin itching in evening time. Secondly, its use to treat eczema is a significant feature. It is indicated for eczema of face, eyelids, back of hands and joints. It is useful when urticaria (a skin disorder characterized by itchy wheals means raised bumps on skin mainly occurring from an allergic reaction) occurs after menses. Another complaint where its use is suggested is to control bleeding from small, wounds.

Key Indicating Features

Violent itching in evening

Eczema of face, eyelids, back of hands and joints

Urticaria after menses

Bleeding from small wounds

Modalities

Worsening factors: Complaints get worse during dentition, during and after menses, during intercourse, in summer, and when lying down

Relieving factors: Complaints get better from motion, warmth, pressure and after sleep

Dosage

Depending from case to case, it can be used from low to high potency. It can be repeated often in low potency but in high potency, frequent repetition is usually not recommended.

Relationship With Other Remedies

Antidoted by: Aconite, Nux Vomica and Ferrum Met

Followed well by: Arsenic Album, Belladonna, Calcarea Carb, Nitric Acid, Sepia and Sulphur

 

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Agaricus Muscarius: Homeopathic Medicine – Its Use, Indications and Dosage

Agaricus Muscarius is a brilliant nerve remedy. It has a great ability to manage nerve issues like twitching, neuralgia, tics, chorea and epilepsy. It also has marked effect on back pain and spine complaints. Other than this, its role in treating chilblains and frostbite is noteworthy.

The ‘Agaricus Muscarius’ Constitution

This medicine is well suited to persons who are very sensitive to cold and damp. It also suits elderly people having poor blood circulation. Lastly, it is suitable to alcoholics especially to manage headache.

 Drug Action

The most prominent action of this medicine is on the nerves, back, spine, mind and skin. Other than these, it acts well on the face, head, eyes, limbs, male and female genitals.

Clinical Indications

Back pain, spinal irritation, chilblains, frostbite, acne rosacea, twitching, tics, neuralgia, chorea, epilepsy, paralysis, blepharospasm, nystagmus, painful menses.

Scope As A Homeopathic Remedy

1. Neck, Back And Spine (Pain, Stiffness, Weakness)

Agaricus Muscarius acts wonderfully on the neck, back and spine to help various complaints. It is a very effective medicine for managing cases of back pain. It gives good results in cases of lower back pain, especially the one felt after exertion. The pain tends to increase while sitting and stooping. The pain is severe confining the sufferer to the bed. There may be a feeling of heavy load in the lower back. The entire spine is sensitive to touch. Burning and shooting pain is marked in the spine. It feels as if the spine is being pierced with hot or cold needles, it feels very weak. A peculiar sensation as if ants are creeping along the spine can be present. The muscles of the back feel tight. It can be used for cases of neck pain and stiffness. Tightness is felt in the neck. Twitching may be felt in the neck muscles. There may also occur stiffness between the shoulders along with weakness.

Key Indicating Features

Lower back pain worse after exertion, while sitting and stooping

Sensitivity of whole spine to touch

Burning and shooting pain in the spine

Sensation as if spine is pierced with hot or cold needles

2. Nerves (Twitching, Tics, Neuralgia, Numbness, Chorea, Epilepsy, Paralysis)

Agaricus has great ability to help nerve issues like twitching (involuntary muscle contraction), neuralgia (nerve pain), numbness and chorea. It proves effective on twitching of facial muscle and eyelids. Muscle twitches occurring during sleep are very effectively managed with it. Agaricus is highly useful for cases of tics and chorea cases. Tics are sudden muscle twitchings, sudden repetitive muscle movement or sounds. Chorea is a movement disorder causing brief, abrupt, involuntary unpredictable body movement. In chorea cases, Agaricus can be used for jerking of a single muscle or several muscles together causing dancing like position of the body.

Chorea

Chorea

In neuralgia (nerve pain) cases, it is highly suitable to manage facial neuralgia. It is well indicated for epilepsy (tendency to have recurrent seizures means fits) cases as well. It is indicated for epilepsy that occurs after fright or from suppressed eruptions. Lastly, its use is recommended for managing cases of paralysis. It is mainly indicated for managing paralysis (loss of muscle function) of upper or lower limbs or of facial muscles.

Key Indicating Features

Twitching of facial muscle, eyelids

Chorea for jerking of a single muscle or several muscles together causing dancing of body

Epilepsy after fright or from suppressed eruptions

Paralysis of upper or lower limbs or of facial muscles

2. Mind (Depression, Delirium, Fears)

Agaricus has a wonderful action on mind. It can be given in cases of depression, delirium, and fears. In depression, it is indicated when there is aversion to work, indifferent behavior and weakness. It works well in delirium cases. Delirium is sudden change in brain causing confusion, unclear speaking and thinking, trouble paying attention, distraction and disorientation. In delirium, this medicine is mainly used when there is excessive talkativeness with change of subject from one to another suddenly and rapidly, incoherent talk, screaming, shouting, muttering, rhyming, desire to injure oneself, rage and muscle twitching. It is a prominent medicine for managing delirium of fever. Agaricus is an excellent medicine for managing certain fears. These include fear of cancer, of being left alone, of ghosts.

Key Indicating Features

Delirium with talkativeness, incoherent talk, screaming, muttering, rhyming, desire to injure himself, rage and muscle twitching

Delirium of fever

Fear of cancer, of left alone, ghosts

4. Skin Issues (Chilblains, Frostbite, Itching, Pricking, Acne Rosacea)

It has brilliant action on skin. It is one of the best homeopathic medicines for treating cases of chilblains and frostbite. Chilblains refers to inflammation of small blood vessels in skin that appear in response to cold exposure. In this itchy, swollen red areas occur on skin of hands or feet. In case of chilblains, it gives best results when there is intense itching and burning on skin.

Chilblains

Chilblains

Frostbite refers to skin injury resulting from exposure to very low temperature causing freezing of skin and underlying tissues. Agaricus is well indicated for marked pain, inflammation, redness, and swelling in cases of frostbite. A marked characteristic feature for its use is needle-like pricking sensation in different parts of the skin. This medicine proves beneficial in cases of skin itching as well. In cases needing it, itching is felt all over the body. Besides, there may be no eruptions. Itching disturbs sleep. After scratching, itching shifts places. Another marked indication to use this medicine is small, hard, red pimples scattered over body. Lastly, it is indicated for treating acne rosacea (skin condition causing flushing of facial skin that may be attended with pus-filled eruptions).

Acne rosacea

Acne rosacea

Key Indicating Features

Chilblains with intense itching and burning on skin

Pain, inflammation, redness, swelling in frostbite cases

Pricking sensation on the skin

Itching that disturbs sleep

5. Face (Twitching, Nerve Pain)

Agaricus Muscarius has marked action on the face. It proves to be a highly effective medicine in managing twitching (involuntary muscle contraction) of facial muscles. It is also an important medicine for managing facial nerve pain (neuralgia). Here the guiding symptom is pain with a sensation as if cold needles are passing through the nerves. This medicine can be used in cases of herpes eruptions present especially on the upper lip. It also helps cases where pain in cheeks is well marked. The pain can be throbbing, pulsating, lancinating or tearing type.

Key Indicating Features

Twitching of facial muscles

Facial nerve pain with feeling of cold needles passing through the nerves

Herpes eruptions on upper lip

Throbbing, pulsating, lancinating or tearing pain in cheeks

6. Eyes Complaints (Blepharospasm, Eye Floaters, Pain, Nystagmus, Squint)

Agaricus is a top-grade medicine for managing twitching of eyelids (blepharospasm). Another complaint for which it is prominently indicated is nystagmus which means rapid, repetitive, involuntary movement of eye.

Agaricus has also shown great clinical improvements in eye floaters complaint. Its use is recommended when eye floaters are yellow, black or brown, especially in front of left eye. Flickering may also be felt in front of the eyes while writing. It can be used to manage eye pain as well. There is eye pain, pressing and burning sensation is felt on the movement of eyeballs. Besides, it can be given in cases of squint too.

Key Indicating Features

Twitching of eyelids (blepharospasm)

Rapid, repetitive, involuntary movement of eye (nystagmus)

Eye floaters – yellow, black or brown mainly in front of the left eye

7. Head (Headache, Itching, Involuntary Movement)

By acting on the head, it offers help to manage headache. The key feature for its use is pain in head with bleeding from nose. It is also well indicated for headache faced by alcoholics. A very unique feature is relief in headache after stool or urination. Persons needing it may feel icy coldness in the head as if occurring from icy cold needles. It is very important indication is involuntary motion of the head. Agaricus is also useful in managing itching of the scalp that occurs early morning.

Key Indicating Features

Headache with bleeding from nose

Headache in alcoholics

Icy coldness in the head as if occurring from icy cold needles

Involuntary motion of the head

8. Limbs (Cramps, Numbness, Joint Pain, Weakness, Locomotor Ataxia)

With its action on limbs, it can manage cramps in hands or feet. It can offer help to manage trembling of limbs. Agaricus can also help to relieve numbness in lower limbs. Another complaint where it can help is tearing, stitching or pressing pain in hip joint. It works well for managing knee joint pain too. The pain aggravates by sitting and deteriorates by walking. Heaviness and weakness of lower limbs can be well managed with it. Lastly, it is indicated to manage pain in case of locomotor ataxia (lack of muscle control over voluntary movements) cases and also uncertain gait.

Key Indicating Features

Cramps in hands or feet

Trembling of limbs

Knee pain worse from sitting and better by walking

Heaviness and weakness of lower limbs

Pain in locomotor ataxia

9. Sleep Issues (Sleeplessness, Drowsiness, Twitching During Sleep)

Agaricus Muscarius can effectively deal with sleep issues. Firstly, it is useful for cases in which there occurs muscle twitching during sleep. Secondly, issue of sleeplessness due to rush of ideas in mind can be managed with this medicine. It can be of great help in cases of restless sleep arising from excessive itching and burning of skin. It may help people who feel drowsy in the daytime and are unable to resist sleep.

Key Indicating Features

Twitching of muscle during sleep

Sleeplessness from rush of ideas in mind

Restless sleep due to excessive itching and burning of skin

10. Male Problems (Weakness, Premature Ejaculation)

Males may find this medicine suitable to manage excessive weakness after sexual intercourse. With weakness there occurs excessive sweating and itching and burning of skin. It is a suitable medicine to manage burning sensation in urethra during ejaculation. Last indication for its use is premature ejaculation.

Key Indicating Features

Weakness after sex

Burning in urethra during ejaculation

Premature ejaculation

11. Female Problems (Bearing Down, Painful Menses, Leucorrhea)

In females, this medicine can be very useful to manage complaint of bearing down pain in pelvis mainly after menopause. It can be helpful to relive painful menses too.  There is labor-like cramping pain during menses with desire to lie down. Besides these, it can be used to manage leucorrhoea means vaginal discharge that are dark, blood-stained and attended with itching and sexual desire.

Key Indicating Features

Bearing down pain in pelvis mainly after menopause

Labor like cramping pain during menses with desire to lie down

Vaginal discharge that are dark and blood-stained, attended with itching and sexual desire

Modalities

Worsening factors: Complaints get worse from cold air, in cold weather, from touch, from fright, during menses, from mental exhaustion, fright, from alcohol intake and after sexual intercourse

Relieving factors: Complaints get better in open air and by moving about slowly

Dosage

Use of this medicine is recommended from 30 C to 200 C potency. In skin complaints and nervous exhaustion, its use is advised in low potencies.

Relationship with Other Remedies

Antidoted by: Calcarea Carb, Pulsatilla and Rhus Tox

Followed well by: Belladonna, Calcarea Carb, Cuprum Met, Merc Sol, Opium, Pulsatilla, Rhus Tox, Silicea and Tuberculinum

 

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Rumex Crispus: Homeopathic Medicine – Its Use, Indications And Dosage

Homeopathic medicine Rumex Crispus is prepared from a plant named ‘yellow dock’. It belongs to family Polygonaceae. The fresh root of this plant is potentised as per homeopathic formula that extracts and intensifies its medicinal properties. Following this, it becomes a homeopathic medicine Rumex Crispus of great service in treating certain health concerns. It is one of the best homeopathic medicine for managing cases of dry cough.

The ‘Rumex Crispus’ Constitution

This medicine is well suited to persons prone to suffer from respiratory complaints mainly dry cough.

Drug Action

Among its entire sphere of action, the most important action is seen on respiratory system. It also has marked action on larynx, throat, and skin. Lastly, it acts well on the gastric system.

Clinical Indications

Cough, asthma, sore throat, trachea disorders, skin itching, aphonia (loss of voice), acne (pimples), diarrhea, flatulence, heartburn, nausea, tuberculosis

 Scope As A Homeopathic Remedy

1. Respiratory System (Cough, Asthma, Lung Pain)

Rumex acts wonderfully on the respiratory system. It is a highly suitable medicine for managing cough. The foremost indication for using it is dry cough caused from tickling in the throat. The cough may also arise from touching or pressing the throat pit. The persons needing it mainly have worsening of cough from talking and at night. They have dry cough at night that prevents sleep. Another characteristic feature to use it is cough from temperature change either from cold to warm or warm to cold. The cough occurs from inhaling cold air as well. On inhaling cold air, there is constant urge to cough. Though cough most of the time is dry but in some cases, there is expectoration of either thin or tough stringy phlegm. Along with cough, there may occur headache and chest pain. There is marked weakness along with cough. Its use can be done in cases of cough that is severe accompanied with involuntary urination. Rumex is also used in asthma cases. Here it is helpful when there is cough with rattling in the windpipe with accumulation of tough mucus in the chest and excessive difficulty in breathing. Cough is very hard causing suffocation. Soreness is felt behind the sternum (breast bone). Weakness is experienced after the asthmatic attack. Besides, it can be given in cases of stitching or shooting pain in the left lung. Lastly, it is well indicated to manage cough at night in cases of tuberculosis.

Key Indicating Features

Dry cough caused from tickling in the throat

Cough from talking and at night

Cough from temperature change either from cold to warm or warm to cold

Cough from inspiring cold air

2. Throat And Larynx (Lump In Throat, Hoarseness, Aphonia)

It has prominent action on throat and larynx (voice box). It is firstly helpful for managing rawness in the larynx and trachea. This medicine works well for cough caused by irritation in the larynx. A scraping sensation in the throat is felt too. It offers help in cases of lump sensation in the throat. Either hawking or swallowing does not relieve it. This medicine gives good results if there is hoarseness of voice which mostly occurs in the evening. It also suits cases of tenacious sticky mucus in the larynx with a constant desire to hawk. This complaint gets worse in cold air and at night. Due to tough mucus in the larynx there is constant cough. Pain in the larynx is felt while eating. Aphonia (loss of voice) from exposure to cold is yet another prominent indication for its use.

Key Indicating Features

Lump sensation in the throat not relieved by either hawking or swallowing

Voice hoarseness in evening

Tenacious sticky mucus in the larynx with constant desire to hawk and cough

Aphonia from cold exposure

3. Skin (Itching, Acne)

This medicine is valuable to manage certain skin complaints. The primary indication for using it is skin itching which gets worse from exposure to cold air, and while undressing. Itching is mostly marked on the legs. It is also well-indicated to treat acne (pimples) on the back. It also gives excellent results in cases of stinging, prickling sensation on skin.

Key Indicating Features

Itching worse from cold air exposure and when undressing

Acne on back

Stinging and prickling sensation on skin

4. Gastric System (Diarrhea, Gastritis, Pain Abdomen)

With its action on the gastric tract, it proves to be highly effective for managing diarrhea (loose motion) in morning. There is watery, brown stool in early morning with marked urgency making the patient to rush immediately to pass stool. The stool is profuse, watery with foul smell without any pain. Anal itching is felt. Rumex is a beneficial medicine for cases of gastritis (stomach inflammation). Here it is given for long-term cases when there is aching pain in the pit of stomach. Fullness and pressure is felt in the stomach extending to throat pit. Sometimes there is shooting pain in the pit of the stomach extending to chest. This medicine is also used for pain in stomach extending to back. Nausea and heartburn can be present too. Another prominent symptom is pain in abdomen from gas soon after eating.

Key Indicating Features

Early morning diarrhea

Chronic gastritis with aching pain in the pit of stomach

Pain in abdomen from gas soon after eating

Modalities

Worsening factors: Complaints get worse in cool air, inhaling, deep breathing, motion, talking, from pressure on trachea, eating, weather change, in evening and at night

Relieving factors: Complaints get better from wrapping up and covering mouth

Dosage

It can be used in low to high potency varying from case to case. While using this medicine, it should be kept in mind that in low potency it can be repeated often, but in high potencies it should not be taken frequently.

Relationship with Other Remedies

Antidoted by: Camphor, Belladonna, Hyoscyamus, Conium, Lachesis and Phosphorus

Followed well by: Calcarea Carb

It can be compared with Causticum, Sulphur and Belladonna

 

 

 

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Top 5 Homeopathic medicines for a Dry Cough

Cough is a common reflex action to clear breathing passages and airways. A dry cough refers to a cough free from mucus or phlegm also known as non – productive cough. A dry cough is annoying and troublesome and makes a person restless. In some persons, dry cough occurs in a continuous spasm, making the person anxious.  It may also cause difficulty in breathing and sleeping. Depending on the cause behind dry cough, few signs and symptoms can attend. These include runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, chest pain, headache, breathing difficulty, wheezing, watery itchy eyes, post nasal discharge, fever and heartburn.

homeopathic treatment for a dry cough

Homeopathy offers a very safe and effective treatment for dry cough. Homeopathic medicines work naturally to reduce the severity of dry cough setting relief gradually and completely. Besides, they also manage any associated symptoms like headache, chest pain, breathing difficulty and wheezing. Homeopathic medicines for treating dry cough are made up of natural substances and are very safe. Homeopathic medicines not only provide relief in acute cases of dry cough but also help to stop the recurring tendency of the disease. Conventional treatment mainly uses medicines which are cough suppressants. They distort the body’s natural healing processes, make the body dull and can lead to many side effects. Homeopathic medicines do not suppress cough temporarily but use the body’s restorative processes to treat cough and give long-term relief without slowing down body processes.

As dry cough can arise from different causes such as infections, allergies, post nasal drip, so homeopathy aims to address this root cause. This way, rather than short term relief, it results in complete recovery. With the approach of proper identification of cause and its treatment, homeopathy promises great cures.

In homeopathy, an individualized prescription is recommended in cases of dry cough. It means the medicine is finalised as per the characteristic signs and symptoms of the patient in every case. This properly prescribed remedy can bring wonderful cures in cases of dry cough. Expert guidance from a homeopath is needed to select homeopathic medicine and its dosage, potency and repetition as it varies from case to case. Self-medication should be avoided.

Homeopathic medicines are natural remedies which work very gently yet effectively to treat dry cough. They have no side effects as they have no toxins or chemicals. Cases of dry cough respond exceedingly well to natural homeopathic treatment.

Top 5 Homeopathic Medicines For Dry Cough

The top listed homeopathic medicines to manage dry cough are Bryonia, Drosera, Spongia, Rumex and Belladonna.

1. Bryonia – Top Medicine For Dry Cough

Bryonia is the top-most medicine for managing cases of dry cough. On coughing, pain may be felt in the head and chest. The pain is mainly stitching type. It feels as if the head and chest would break into pieces from pain. Pain may also be felt in the abdominal muscles while coughing. The cough worsens from eating or drinking. At times, vomiting of food occurs while coughing. Bryonia is also indicated when cough increases when a person enters a warm room.
When to use Bryonia?
Bryonia is the most commonly used medicine for treating dry cough especially with pain in head and chest.
How to use Bryonia?
It is a short-acting medicine that can be repeated frequently. Bryonia 30C can be taken three to four times a day at a three-hour interval.

2. Drosera – For Dry Cough At Night

Drosera is the most important medicine to manage dry cough that gets worse at night. A very peculiar feature to use this medicine is cough as soon as a person lies down at night. Besides, this medicine is suitable when cough gets worse while laughing or singing. In some cases needing it, vomiting may occur with cough.
When to use Drosera?
For dry cough that gets worse at night as soon as a person lies down, Drosera is highly recommended.
How to use Drosera?
Initially, Drosera 30C can be used two to three times a day. Once relief starts, the dose should be reduced.

3. Spongia – For Dry Cough That Gets Better By Warm Food Or Drinks

Spongia suits well when dry cough gets better by taking warm food or warm drinks. Cough is absolutely dry. Along with cough, burning may be felt in the chest. Cough worsens from lying down and gets better by sitting up. In some cases, wheezing and weight are felt in the chest. Besides, difficult breathing can be there which gets worse by talking or moving. Spongia is very effective for managing dry cough in bronchitis and asthma.
When to use Spongia?
Spongia is the best remedy in cases of dry cough which is relieved by intake of warm food or warm drinks.
How to use Spongia?
It works well in both low and high potency. To start with, 30C potency is usually preferred and can be taken once or twice a day.

4. Rumex – For Dry Cough From Temperature Change From Cold To Warm Or Vice Versa

Rumex is a very effective medicine for dry cough that arise from sudden change of temperature from cold to warm or warm to cold. Cough happens from tickling/irritation in the throat pit. Another very specific indication to use Rumex is cough that occurs by inhaling cold air. In majority of the cases needing Rumex, coughing is the most troublesome during the day. Besides cough, there is marked weakness and headache. Sometimes, few urine drops escape involuntarily while coughing.
When to use Rumex?
Rumex should be selected in dry cough cases that are triggered from change of temperature from cold to warm or vice versa along with irritation in the throat pit.
How to use Rumex?
It is advised to take Rumex 30C one or two times a day.

5. Belladonna – For Persistent Cough Day And Night

This herbal medicine is very useful when dry cough occurs day and night. It occurs from a tickling sensation in the throat. Along with cough, the throat is red and inflamed. Headache may attend cough. Its use is also recommended for cough that arises from inhaling fine dust in air.
When to use Belladonna?
Belladonna can be used to calm dry cough that persists day and night along with a red, inflamed throat.
How to use Belladonna?
It can be used in low (30C) as well as high potencies (like 200C and 1M). The dose varies from case to case. Usually in the beginning, 30C potency can be used twice or thrice a day.

Causes Behind Dry Cough

1. Viral infections: Viral infections, like common cold and flu, can cause cough. In such cases, runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing tend to resolve early but cough may take a few weeks to resolve and in some even one to two months.

2. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI): It refers to an infection of nose, pharynx, larynx, bronchi with virus or bacteria. Some examples include common cold, pharyngitis, and sinusitis.

3. Asthma: It is an inflammatory disease in which airways swell, constrict and produce excessive mucus. Cough in asthma can be productive or dry but most of the time, it is dry along with its main symptom of difficulty in breathing, tightness in chest and also wheezing. However, in cough variant asthma (an asthma type), dry cough is the main symptom.

4. Bronchitis: It refers to inflammation of bronchial tubes via which the air passes from the trachea to the lungs. In bronchitis, cough is dry in the initial stages but gets productive afterwards.

5. Post nasal drip: It means dripping of mucus from the back of the nose into the throat. PND tends to irritate nerves in the throat leading to cough.

6. Allergies: People suffering from nasal allergy (allergic rhinitis) can get cough along with other symptoms like runny nose, sneezing, itchy watery eyes.

7. COVID-19: Dry cough can be a symptom of COVID – 19. About 50 to 70 % people having coronavirus infection suffer dry cough along with other symptoms like fever, sore throat, weakness.

8. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): It refers to back flow of stomach acid into the food pipe and throat. This acid can cause cough by irritating the throat.

9. Air pollution, dust and smoke can also trigger dry cough.

10.  A dry cough may be the result of overexertion or a psychological condition. Sometimes, people develop a habit of coughing, especially under stress or even without any stress.

11. Some other rare causes are idiopathic lung fibrosis (in this scar tissue forms in lungs), lung cancer and heart failure.

 

 

 

 

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